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Merck

8.01661

γ-Butyrolactone

Technipur®

Synonym(s):

γ-Hydroxybutyric acid lactone, 4-Hydroxybutyric acid lactone, GBL

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C4H6O2
CAS Number:
96-48-0
Molecular Weight:
86.09
NACRES:
NA.21
UNSPSC Code:
12352100
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
105248
MDL number:
MFCD00005386

Key Documents

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Product Name

γ-Butyrolactone, Technipur®

SMILES string

O=C1CCCO1

InChI

1S/C4H6O2/c5-4-2-1-3-6-4/h1-3H2

InChI key

YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

grade

synthesis grade

vapor density

3 (vs air)

vapor pressure

0.344 hPa ( 20 °C)
1.5 mmHg ( 20 °C)

autoignition temp.

851 °F

expl. lim.

16 %

drug control

Pszichotróp anyag / Psychotropic Substance (Hungary), 78/2022. (XII. 28.) BM rendelet

refractive index

n20/D 1.436 (lit.)

pH

4-5 (20 °C, 100 g/L in H2O)

bp

204-205 °C (lit.)

mp

−45 °C (lit.)

density

1.12 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

Quality Level

200

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General description

γ-Butyrolactone is a common food additive used to enhance the aroma of food. It is used as a solvent for lithium-ion batteries since it has a high flashing point, a low freezing point, a high boiling point, a low viscosity, and a high dielectric constant. It is also used as a plasticizer for the solid electrolyte of lithium batteries.

Legal Information

Technipur is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Application

γ-Butyrolactone can be used as:
  • A plasticizer to prepare polymer electrolytes containing poly(epichlorohydrin-ethyleneoxide).
  • A plasticizer to prepare quasi-solid-state electrolyte applicable in dye-sensitized solar cells.
  • An electrolyte in combination with ionic liquids for applications in electrochemical devices.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Precursor of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB). It blocks dopamine release by blocking impulse flow in dopaminergic neurons. Pretreatment with γ-butyrolactone allows detection of autoreceptor-induced dopamine release.
Precursor of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB); blocks dopamine release.

pictograms

CorrosionExclamation mark
GHS05,GHS07

signalword

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Dam. 1 - STOT SE 3

target_organs

Central nervous system

Storage Class

10 - Combustible liquids

wgk

WGK 1

flash_point_f

208.4 °F - closed cup

flash_point_c

98 °C - closed cup

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Effects of cyclic carbonates as additives to γ-butyrolactone electrolytes for rechargeable lithium cells
Kinoshita SC, et al.
Journal of Power Sources, 183(2), 755-760 (2008)
Excess Molar Volumes and Viscosities for Binary Mixtures of ?-Butyrolactone with Methyl Formate, Ethyl Formate, Methyl Acetate, Ethyl Acetate, and Acetonitrile at 298.15 K
Lu H, et al.
Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, 46(3), 631-634 (2001)
Novel Quasi-Solid-State Electrolyte Based on ?-Butyrolactone and Tetrapropylammonium Iodide for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Fumed Silica as the Gelling Agent
Senevirathne AMC, et al.
Procedia Engineering, 139, 87-92 (2016)
Effect of propylene carbonate and dimethylformamide on ionic conductivity of P(ECH-EO) based polymer electrolyte
Nithya H, et al.
Electrochimica Acta, 66(1), 110-120 (2012)
Food Safety Risk Assessment of γ-Butyrolactone Transformation into Dangerous γ-Hydroxybutyric Acid in Beverages by Quantitative 13C-NMR Technique
Jin S, et al.
Journal of Food Quality (2020)
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