Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate

Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate (PMA) is obtained from the unripe fruit of Sapium indicum. It is a pro-inflammatory agent. PMA shows its effects by the release of cytokines, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases, and proteases that result in tissue damage or activates histamine production. This promotes vascular remodeling, heat, and redness. PMA exhibits antimicrobial, proliferative, antiproliferative, anti-neoplastic effects.

Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate is suitable as an inducer of cell differentiation in monocytic cell lines such as U937 and THP-1.

Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate is a tumor-promoting phorbol ester. It regulates various processes such as gene transcription, cellular growth and differentiation, apoptosis, the immune response, and receptor desensitization via activating protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathways. It promotes differentiation of human monocytic THP-1 cells to functional macrophages.

C₃₆H₅₆O₈

2 years at -20°C

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