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HTS146M
Sigma-AldrichChemiSCREEN™ Membrane Preparation Recombinant Human mGLU2 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor
Human mGlu2 GPCR membrane preparation for Radioligand binding Assays & GTPγS binding.
ChemiSCREEN™ Membrane Preparation Recombinant Human mGLU2 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor
Overview
human GRM2 cDNA encoding mGlu2
Background Information
Glutamate is a main excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and it plays a role in learning, memory and neurotoxicity. The biological actions of glutamate are mediated by ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors, which are ion channels and GPCRs respectively. Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are members of the class 3 G-protein coupled receptor family, which are characterized by a large extracellular domain. They are further classified into group I, II, and III mGluRs on the basis of their sequence identity, pharmacology, and signal transduction mechanism. Group I (mGlu1 and mGlu5) couple to the phospholipase C pathway through Gαq, whereas group II (mGlu2 and mGlu3) and group III (mGlu4, mGlu6, mGlu7, and mGlu8) negatively couple to the adenylyl cyclase pathway though Gαi (Conn and Pin, 1997). Agonists of the Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGlu2 and mGlu3, display efficacy in animal models of anxiety and psychosis. A key role for mGlu2 in mediating these effects is indicated by the observation that selective allosteric potentiator of mGlu2 also retains antipsychotic-like activities in mice (Galici et al., 2005). In addition, mGlu2/3 agonists display analgesic activity in animal models (Jones et al., 2005). Chemicon's mGlu2 membrane preparations are crude membrane preparations made from our proprietary stable recombinant cell lines to ensure high-level of GPCR surface expression; thus, they are ideal HTS tools for screening of mGlu2 interactions with its ligands. The cell line exhibits a calcium response with EC50s of 0.51uM, 5.6uM, and 8.3uM for DCG IV, (2R4R) APDC, and glutamate. The membrane preparations exhibit EC50s of of 0.72uM, 5.07uM, and 6.29uM for DCG IV, (2R4R) APDC, and glutamate in a GTPγS binding assay.
References
Product Information
Format
Membranes
HS Code
3822 19 90
Presentation
Liquid in packaging buffer: 50 mM Tris pH 7.4, 10% glycerol and 1% BSA with no preservatives. Packaging method: Membrane protein was adjusted to 1 mg/ml in packaging buffer, rapidly frozen, and stored at -80°C.
L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities.
FUNCTION: SwissProt: Q14416 # Receptor for glutamate. The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that inhibits adenylate cyclase activity. May mediate suppression of neurotransmission or may be involved in synaptogenesis or synaptic stabilization. SIZE: 872 amino acids; 95568 Da SUBUNIT: Interacts with GRASP (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed in different regions of the adult brain as well as in fetal brain. SIMILARITY: SwissProt: Q14416 ## Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family.
Incubation Conditions
Membranes are permeabilized by addition of saponin to an equal concentration by mass, then mixed with [35S]-GTPγS (final concentration of 0.1 nM) in 20 mM HEPES, pH 7.4/100 mM NaCl/10 mM MgCl2/0.5 µM GDP in a nonbinding 96-well plate. Unlabeled DCG IV, (2R4R) APDC, and glutamate are added to the final concentration indicated in Figure 1 (final volume 100 µL), and incubated for 30 min at 30°C. The binding reaction is transferred to a GF/B filter plate (Millipore MAHF B1H) previously prewetted with water, and washed 3 times (1 mL per well per wash) with cold 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.4. The plate is dried and counted.
One vial contains enough membranes for at least 200 assays (units), where one unit is the amount of membrane that will yield greater than 1000 cpm specific DCG IV, (2R4R) APDC, or glutamate -stimulated [35S]-GTPγS binding. The mGlu2 membrane preparation is expected to be functional in a radioligand binding assay; however, the end user will need to determine the optimal radiolabeled ligand for use with this product.
Physicochemical Information
Dimensions
Materials Information
Toxicological Information
Safety Information according to GHS
Safety Information
Product Usage Statements
Quality Assurance
EC50 in GTPγS binding assay by Glutamate: ~ 6.29 μM EC50 in GTPγS binding assay by (2R4R) APDC: ~ 5.07 μM EC50 in GTPγS binding assay by DCG IV: ~ 0.72 μM
Usage Statement
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
Storage and Shipping Information
Storage Conditions
Maintain frozen at -70°C for up to 2 years. Do not freeze and thaw.
Packaging Information
Material Size
200 units
Transport Information
Supplemental Information
Specifications
Global Trade Item Number
Bestellnummer
GTIN
HTS146M
04053252581649
Documentation
ChemiSCREEN™ Membrane Preparation Recombinant Human mGLU2 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor SDB
A selective allosteric potentiator of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) 2 receptors has effects similar to an orthosteric mGlu2/3 receptor agonist in mouse models predictive of antipsychotic activity Galici, Ruggero, et al J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 315:1181-7 (2005)
2004
Analgesic effects of the selective group II (mGlu2/3) metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists LY379268 and LY389795 in persistent and inflammatory pain models after acute and repeated dosing Jones, Carrie K, et al Neuropharmacology, 49 Suppl 1:206-18 (2005)
2004
In the mid to late 1980s, studies were published that provided the first evidence for the existence of glutamate receptors that are not ligand-gated cation channels but are coupled to effector systems through GTP-binding proteins. Since those initial reports, tremendous progress has been made in characterizing these metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), including cloning and characterization of cDNA that encodes a family of eight mGluR subtypes, several of which have multiple splice variants. Also, tremendous progress has been made in developing new highly selective mGluR agonists and antagonists and toward determining the physiologic roles of the mGluRs in mammalian brain. These findings have exciting implications for drug development and suggest that the mGluRs provide a novel target for development of therepeutic agents that could have a significant impact on neuropharmacology.
Millipore offers a large selection of robust and reliable G-protein coupled receptor products, including Stable Cell Lines, Membrane Preparations, and Frozen Cells. See below for GPCR research tools. Weitere Informationen >>
