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HTS060M
Sigma-AldrichChemiScreen™ Human V2 Vasopressin Receptor Membrane Preparation
Human V2 GPCR membrane preparation for Radioligand binding Assays & GTPγS binding.
ChemiScreen™ Human V2 Vasopressin Receptor Membrane Preparation
Overview
TRANSFECTION: Full-length human AVPR2 cDNA encoding V2
Background Information
Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a 9 amino acid peptide that functions as an antidiuretic, vasoconstrictor and neurotransmitter. The three vasopressin receptors, V1a, V1b and V2, are GPCRs; V1a and V1b couple to Gq and calcium release, whereas V2 couples to Gs. V2 expressed in renal collecting ducts plays an important role in regulating renal free water excretion (Birnbaumer, 2000). Mutations in V2 result in X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, a syndrome in which the kidney is unable to concentrate urine, leading to dehydration and hypernatremia (Birnbaumer, 2001). Conversely, elevated levels of AVP lead to hyponatremia in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), congestive heart failure or cirrhosis, and V2 selective antagonists have been developed to treat these conditions (Verbalis, 2002). Chemicon's V2 membrane preparations are crude membrane preparations made from our proprietary stable recombinant cell lines to ensure high-level of GPCR surface expression; thus, they are ideal HTS tools for screening of antagonists of V2 interactions and its ligands. The membrane preparations exhibit a Kd of 2.83 nM for [3H]-[Arg8] Vasopressin. With 3.5 nM [3H]-[Arg8] Vasopressin, 10 μg/well V2 Membrane Prep yields greater than 8-fold signal-to-background ratio.
References
Product Information
Format
Membranes
Presentation
Liquid in packaging buffer: 50 mM Tris pH 7.4, 10% glycerol and 1% BSA no preservatives. Packaging method: Membranes protein were adjusted to 0.5 mg/ml in 1 ml packaging buffer, rapidly frozen, and stored at -80°C.
This gene encodes the vasopressin receptor, type 2, also known as the V2 receptor, which belongs to the seven-transmembrane-domain G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, and couples to Gs thus stimulating adenylate cyclase. The subfamily that includes the V2 receptor, the V1a and V1b vasopressin receptors, the oxytocin receptor, and isotocin and mesotocin receptors in non-mammals, is well conserved, though several members signal via other G proteins. All bind similar cyclic nonapeptide hormones. The V2 receptor is expressed in the kidney tubule, predominantly in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts, where its primary property is to respond to the pituitary hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) by stimulating mechanisms that concentrate the urine and maintain water homeostasis in the organism. When the function of this gene is lost, the disease Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI) results. The V2 receptor is also expressed outside the kidney although its tissue localization is uncertain. When these 'extrarenal receptors' are stimulated by infusion of a V2 selective agonist (dDAVP), a variety of clotting factors are released into the bloodstream. The physiologic importance of this property is not known - its absence does not appear to be detrimental in NDI patients. The gene expression has also been described in fetal lung tissue and lung cancer associated with alternative splicing.
FUNCTION: SwissProt: P30518 # Receptor for arginine vasopressin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. SIZE: 371 amino acids; 40279 Da SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Kidney. DISEASE: SwissProt: P30518 # Defects in AVPR2 are the cause of nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (NSIAD) [MIM:300539]. This disorder is characterized by an inability to excrete a free water load, with inappropriately concentrated urine and resultant hyponatremia, hypoosmolarity, and natriuresis. & Defects in AVPR2 are a cause of X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, type I (NDI) [MIM:304800]. It is characterized by excessive water drinking (polydypsia) and urine excretion (polyuria) and fail to concentrate urine in response to vasopressin. Most cases of NDI appear to have an X-linked recessive pattern of inheritance. SIMILARITY: SwissProt: P30518 ## Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
Incubation Conditions
Membranes are mixed with radioactive ligand and unlabeled competitor (see Figures 1 and 2 for concentrations tested) in binding buffer in a nonbinding 96-well plate, and incubated for 1-2 h. Prior to filtration, a GF/C 96-well filter plate is coated with 0.33% polyethyleneimine for 30 min, then washed with 50mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 0.5% BSA. Binding reaction is transferred to the filter plate, and washed 3 times (1 mL per well per wash) with Wash Buffer. The plate is dried and counted.
Binding buffer: 50 mM Hepes, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 1 mM CaCl2, 0.2% BSA, filtered and stored at 4°C
Wash Buffer: 50 mM Hepes, pH 7.4, 500mM NaCl , 0.1% BSA, filtered and stored at 4°C.
One package contains enough membranes for at least 200 assays (units), where a unit is the amount of membrane that will yield greater than 8-fold signal:background with 3H labeled [Arg8] Vasopressin at 3.5 nM.
Physicochemical Information
Dimensions
Materials Information
Toxicological Information
Safety Information according to GHS
Safety Information
Product Usage Statements
Signal:background and specific binding values obtained in a competition binding assay with varying amounts of V2 membrane prep:
10 µg/well
Signal:Background
10.5
Specific Binding (cpm)
1972
SPECIFICATIONS: 1 unit = 10 μg
Bmax for [3H]-[Arg8] Vasopressin binding: 18.3 pmol/mg protein;
Kd for [3H]-[Arg8] Vasopressin binding: ~ 2.83 nM
Usage Statement
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
Storage and Shipping Information
Storage Conditions
Maintain frozen at -70°C for up to 2 years. Do not freeze and thaw.
Packaging Information
Material Size
200 units
Transport Information
Supplemental Information
Specifications
Global Trade Item Number
Bestellnummer
GTIN
HTS060M
04053252402319
Documentation
ChemiScreen™ Human V2 Vasopressin Receptor Membrane Preparation SDB
Hyponatremia, whether due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) or disorders of water retention such as congestive heart failure and cirrhosis, is a very common problem encountered in the care of medical patients. To date, available treatment modalities for disorders of excess arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion or action have been limited and suboptimal. The recent discovery and development of nonpeptide AVP V(2) receptor antagonists represents a promising new treatment option to directly antagonize the effects of elevated plasma AVP concentrations at the level of the renal collecting ducts. By decreasing the water permeability of renal collecting tubules, excretion of retained water is promoted, thereby normalizing or improving hypo-osmolar hyponatremia. In this review, SIADH and other water retaining disorders are briefly discussed, after which the published preclinical and clinical studies of several nonpeptide AVP V(2) receptor antagonists are summarized. The likely therapeutic indications and potential complications of these compounds are also described.
Although three different G-protein coupled receptors have been identified for arginine vasopressin, a significant physiological role has been recognized only for the V2 subtype that controls water homeostasis. Identification of the gene encoding the V2 vasopressin (or antidiuretic hormone) receptor enabled researchers to test the hypothesis that mutations of this gene were responsible for X-linked recessive nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. The affected patients are unable to concentrate their urine and as a consequence live in constant danger of dehydration that can cause death, particularly in infancy, or lead to severe hypernatremia that can impair their intellectual and physical development. The danger of severe dehydration diminishes in the adult patients, although they remain highly susceptible to this condition for the rest of their lives.
The biological effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP) are mediated by three receptor subtypes: the V1a and V1b receptors that activate phospholipases via Gq/11, and the V2 receptor that activates adenylyl cyclase by interacting with Gs. Isolation of the cDNAs encoding the V1a and V1b receptor subtypes explained the tissue variability of V1 antagonist binding, whereas identification of the cDNA and gene encoding the V2 receptor provided the information to identify the mutations responsible for X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Mutations that abrogate the production and/or release of AVP from the pituitary have diabetes insipidus as their most dramatic manifestation, indicating that the maintenance of water homeostasis is the most important physiological role of this neuropeptide. Evidence for a significant role of AVP in blood pressure control, although actively sought, has been scant.
Millipore offers a large selection of robust and reliable G-protein coupled receptor products, including Stable Cell Lines, Membrane Preparations, and Frozen Cells. See below for GPCR research tools. Weitere Informationen >>
